Heaume Owen / Хеуме Оуэн - Getting Started with Pester 5: A Beginner\'s Guide / Начало работы с Pester 5: руководство для начинающих [2024, PDF/EPUB, ENG]

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About the Author .........................................................................................xi
About the Technical Reviewer ........................................................................xiii
Chapter 1: Unveiling the Power of Pester ........................................................1
What Is Pester? ...........................................................................................2
Why Use Pester? .........................................................................................2
Installing Pester ..........................................................................................4
Navigating the Testing Landscape in PowerShell: Test Types ..............................6
Unit Tests ...................................................................................................7
Integration Tests .........................................................................................7
The Analogy: Orchestrating Script Performances .............................................8
Acceptance Tests ........................................................................................8
The Analogy: The Grand Stage Performance ...................................................9
Pester Test Naming Convention and File Structure ...........................................9
Summary ..................................................................................................11
Chapter 2: Mastering Pester Fundamentals ....................................................13
Understanding Blocks in Pester ....................................................................13
Describe: The Pillar of Logical Organization ....................................................14
Context: Adding Contextual Relevance ..........................................................15
It: Defining Specific Tests ............................................................................15
Setting the Stage with BeforeAll ...................................................................16
Clearing the Stage with AfterAll ....................................................................18
Preparing the Ground with BeforeEach ..........................................................19
Nurturing Cleanliness with AfterEach ............................................................22
Summary .................................................................................................24
Chapter 3: Writing Your First Tests ...............................................................27
Pester Cmdlets ..........................................................................................27
It ............................................................................................................29
Should .....................................................................................................29
Get-ShouldOperator ...................................................................................29
The Structure of a Test ...............................................................................31
Testing True and False Scenarios ..................................................................32
The AAA Pattern: Arrange, Act, Assert ..........................................................34
The AAA Theater: A Pester Production ...........................................................36
A Glimpse into Should Operators ..................................................................37
-HaveParameter Operator ............................................................................37
-BeOfType Operator ....................................................................................39
Running Your Tests .....................................................................................41
Inline Execution .........................................................................................41
Dot Sourcing .............................................................................................42
Import-Module ..........................................................................................43
Invoke the Magic .......................................................................................45
Summary .................................................................................................46
Chapter 4: Mastering Block Scope in Pester ...................................................49
Defining Block Scope ..................................................................................49
Elevating Scope with BeforeAll .....................................................................51
Contextual Hierarchies and Limitations ..........................................................53
The Perils of Unbounded Scope ....................................................................57
Our Ubiquitous Theater Analogy ...................................................................59
Summary ..................................................................................................59
Chapter 5: Data-Driven Tests .......................................................................61
Testing the Waters: Rigorous Evaluation of Remove-Files Functionality ...............61
Reviewing Chapter Insights with Listing 5-2 ....................................................63
Describe ‘Remove-Files’ ...............................................................................64
Context ‘when removing files from the specified path’ ......................................64
It ‘should remove all txt files’ .......................................................................64
Unlocking Efficiency: Data-Driven Testing with -ForEach in Pester ......................65
Introduction to Templates in Pester ...............................................................68
Templates Unveiled .....................................................................................68
Utilizing Templates in Tests ..........................................................................69
Expanding Template Scope ..........................................................................70
A Note on Template Presentation ..................................................................71
Summary ..................................................................................................72
Chapter 6: Navigating the Pester Phases: Discovery and Run ...........................73
Pester’s Discovery Phase .............................................................................73
The Significance of Discovery .......................................................................74
Pester’s Run Phase ......................................................................................78
Run Phase Dynamics ...................................................................................78
Execution Order Complexity .........................................................................79
Navigating the Run Phase ............................................................................82
Visualizing the Phases: Discovery and Run .....................................................84
Script Showcase: The Choreography of Discovery and Run ...............................85
Summary ..................................................................................................87
Chapter 7: TestDrive and TestRegistry ...........................................................89
TestDrive ...................................................................................................89
Behind the TestDrive Curtain ........................................................................90
Setting Up Your TestDrive Playground ............................................................91
Key Points to Remember .............................................................................100
TestRegistry ...............................................................................................100
Behind the TestRegistry Curtain ....................................................................101
Let’s Craft Your Virtual Registry Sandbox .......................................................101
Interacting with Your Virtual Realm: A Practical Demonstration .........................101
Cleaning Up with a Snap .............................................................................103
Key Points to Remember .............................................................................104
Summary ..................................................................................................104
Chapter 8: Tags and Invoke-Pester ................................................................107
Tag Along! Organizing Your Pester Tests with Tags ...........................................108
What Are Tags? ..........................................................................................108
Why Use Tags? ...........................................................................................109
Adding Tags to Your Tests ............................................................................109
Tagging in Action: Unleashing Efficiency ........................................................112
Excluding Tests: The Magic of -Skip and Tags .................................................114
Unleash Granular Testing Power: Running Specific Test Types with Ease .............117
Running Specific Tests with Ease: Your Guide to Pester Efficiency ......................118
Summary ..................................................................................................120
Chapter 9: Mocking Your Way to Success .......................................................123
What Is Mocking? .......................................................................................123
Why Use Mocks to Avoid Real Services? .........................................................124
BeforeAll Block ...........................................................................................129
Describe Block ...........................................................................................130
Context Blocks ...........................................................................................131
IT Block ....................................................................................................131
A Little More Between the Curly Braces, Please ..............................................132
Mocking Best Practices ...............................................................................133
Mocking Complex Cmdlets ..........................................................................135
PSCustomObject .......................................................................................136
There’s More Than One Way to Skin a Cat ....................................................139
Hashtables ...............................................................................................140
When to Use a PSCustomObject over a Hashtable ..........................................141
Import-CliXML ...........................................................................................142
.Net Classes ..............................................................................................144
But Wait, There’s More! ...............................................................................146
Understanding the Transformation: From Listing 9-12 to Listing 9-13 ................149
Listing 9-14 Explained .................................................................................151
Verifying Your Mocks: Ensuring Your Logic Is Sound ........................................152
Understanding the Verification Line ...............................................................155
Using a Parameter Filter ..............................................................................156
Why Would You Use -ParameterFilter? ...........................................................157
How to Use -ParameterFilter ........................................................................157
Gotta Catch ‘em All ....................................................................................159
Validating Output Messages Like a Boss Using -ParameterFilter ........................162
Verifiable Mocks .........................................................................................165
Ensuring the Right Performers Take the Stage ...............................................165
Mocking Without Modules: Ensuring Test Portability .......................................168
Mocking with Modules: Navigating Module Scopes .........................................174
Using the -ModuleName Parameter .............................................................176
Using InModuleScope Script Block ..............................................................177
Summary ................................................................................................179
Chapter 10: Unveiling the Secrets of Code Coverage .....................................181
Demystifying Code Coverage: Unveiling the Map of Your Code’s Tested
Terrain ...................................................................................................182
Metrics: Unveiling the Degrees of Coverage ................................................182
Sample Functions and Tests ......................................................................183
Pester Code Coverage Configuration ..........................................................185
Running the Configuration ........................................................................187
Best Practices for Code Coverage Targets ...................................................194
Running Coverage Across a Directory .........................................................195
Understanding Pester’s Coverage.xml .........................................................196
Customizing Output Path ...........................................................................197
Exploring Pester Configuration ...................................................................197
Summary ................................................................................................200
Chapter 11: Streamlining Testing with Azure DevOps and Pester .....................201
Bridging the Gap: The Purpose of Automation ...............................................202
Why Automate Pester Tests and Code Coverage? ...........................................202
Unlocking a New Dimension ........................................................................204
Diving into Azure DevOps – Setting Up the Stage ...........................................204
Ready, Set, Code .......................................................................................204
You Ain’t My Language, but You’re Useful: Working with YAML Pipelines .............206
Diving into the YAML Depths: Azure-Pipeline. yaml ..........................................207
Let’s Break It Down .....................................................................................208
YAML Quirks: Mind the Spaces! .....................................................................209
Beyond the Surface: Exploring YAML’s Potential ...............................................210
Next Steps .................................................................................................211
Bringing Your YAML into Azure DevOps ..........................................................211
Crafting the Pipeline Magic: Bringing Automation to Life ...................................212
Unraveling the Code Coverage Gems: Insights and Learnings ...........................220
Earning Your Badge of Honor: Showcasing Pipeline Success .............................224
Documenting Your DevOps Prowess: README.md and the Status Badge ............225
Summary ..................................................................................................231
Chapter 12: From Theory to Practice: Applying Pester to Your Projects ...............233
Example 1: A Simple Function ......................................................................234
Example 2: Mocking in Action .......................................................................235
Code Breakdown .........................................................................................238
Example 3: Unleashing Data Clarity: Data-Driven Testing with a Twist ................239
Revisiting “ConvertTo-Uppercase” ..................................................................239
Summary ...................................................................................................242
Key Takeaways ............................................................................................242
Moving Forward ...........................................................................................243
Index .........................................................................................................245