Reilly Daniel - Math for Security: From Graphs and Geometry to Spatial Analysis / Математика для обеспечения безопасности: от графов и геометрии до пространственного анализа [2023, PDF, EPUB, MOBI, ENG]

Примеры страниц (скриншоты)

Оглавление

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv
INTRODUCTION xvii
Who Should Read This Book? . xviii
What’s in This Book? . xviii
Why Python? xx
Information Accessibility xxi
Online Resources xxii
PART I: ENVIRONMENT AND CONVENTIONS 1
1
SETTING UP THE ENVIRONMENT 3
Simple Environment Configuration with Anaconda 4
Linux . 4
Windows 6
macOS . 8
Setting Up a Virtual Environment . 9
Installing the IDE with Anaconda . 10
Advanced Setup . 10
Setting Up virtualenv 10
Installing the IDE without Anaconda 11
Jupyter Notebooks 11
Summary . 12
2
PROGRAMMING AND MATH CONVENTIONS 13
Syntactical Constructs 13
List Comprehensions . 14
Dictionary Comprehensions . 15
Zipping and Unpacking 17
Mathematical Notation 18
Boolean Notation 18
Set Notation 20
Attribute Characters 22
Greek Letters and Functions . 22
Summary . 23
PART II: GRAPH THEORY AND
COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY 25
3
SECURING NETWORKS WITH GRAPH THEORY 27
Graph Theory for Security Applications . 28
Introduction to Graph Theory 31
Creating Graphs in NetworkX 32
Discovering Relationships in Data 34
Measuring Node Importance . 35
Analyzing Cliques to Track Associations . 39
Determining the Connectedness of the Network . 40
Using Graph Edges to Capture Important Details . 42
Summary . 43
4
BUILDING A NETWORK TRAFFIC ANALYSIS TOOL 45
Network Topology Visualization 46
Converting Network Information into a Graph 47
Building a Communication Map . 48
Building the Graph . 49
Identifying Suspicious Machine Behavior 52
Subgraph of Port Data Volume . 52
Identifying Unusual Levels of Traffic 54
Examining How Machines Interact on the Network . 57
The Proof of Concept: Network Traffic Analysis . 61
Summary . 64
5
IDENTIFYING THREATS WITH SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS 67
The Small-World Phenomenon . 68
Graphing Social Network Data 69
Structuring the Data 69
Visualizing the Social Network 72
Network Analysis Insights 74
Calculating Information Propagation 74
Identifying Cliques and Most Influential Users 76
Finding the Most Influenced Users 78
Using Topic-Based Information Exchange 79
Analyzing Network Organization 83
The Proof of Concept: Social Network Analysis . 87
The Darker Side of Social Network Analysis . 89
Summary . 89
6
ANALYZING SOCIAL NETWORKS TO
PREVENT SECURITY INCIDENTS 91
Using Monte Carlo Simulations to Predict Attacks 92
Finite State Machines 93
Network Modeling with Random Walks . 95
Monte Carlo Simulation 97
Simulating Social Networks 100
Modeling User Interaction . 100
Modeling Topic-Based Influence . 104
Modeling Information Flow 108
The Proof of Concept: Disrupting the Flow of Information . 109
Modeling an Evolving Network 110
Moving the Message Through the Network . 111
Measuring the Amount of Information Flow 112
How the Game Works 113
The Game Objective 117
The Game Simulation . 118
Improvements to Player 2 120
Summary . 124
7
USING GEOMETRY TO IMPROVE SECURITY PRACTICES 127
Describing Shapes 128
Points and Lines . 128
Polygons . 129
Vertex Order . 132
Scenario: Planning Security for a Concert 132
Calculating Safe Occupancy Limits . 133
Determining Placement of Security Personnel . 136
Estimating Guard Patrol Timing 137
Improving Guard Placement 138
Summary . 140
8
TRACKING PEOPLE IN PHYSICAL SPACE WITH
DIGITAL INFORMATION 141
Gathering Cellular Network Data 142
Ethics of Tracking Devices and People . 144
The OpenCellID API Structure . 145
The Proof of Concept: Locating a Device from Nearby Cell Towers . 148
Gathering Tower Locations 149
Translating a Geographic Point to a Polygon . 150
Calculating the Search Area 153
Mapping the Search Area for Investigators 157
Reducing the Search Area . 159
Summary . 159
9
COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY FOR
SAFETY RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION 161
Using Voronoi Tessellation for Resource Distribution . 162
The Proof of Concept: Analyzing Fire Station Coverage . 163
Defining the Distance Function . 164
Determining the City Shape . 164
Gathering the Locations of Existing Fire Stations . 167
Performing the Voronoi Analysis . 170
Limitations of the Algorithm 173
Summary . 174
10
COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY FOR FACIAL RECOGNITION 175
Uses of Facial Recognition in Security 176
Ethics of Facial Recognition Research 178
The Facial Recognition Algorithm 179
Using Decision Tree Classifiers . 179
Representing Facial Geometry . 182
Processing Image Data . 184
Locating Facial Landmarks 185
The Proof of Concept: Developing a Facial Recognition System . 188
Facial Statistics 189
Memory Management 190
Data Loading . 191
Feature Engineering . 193
Model Training 198
Model Persistence 203
Summary . 204
PART III: THE ART GALLERY PROBLEM 207
11
DISTRIBUTING SECURITY RESOURCES TO GUARD A SPACE 209
Determining the Minimum Number of Guards . 211
Art Gallery Problem Theory 212
Geometric and Graph Representations of the Gallery 214
Securing the Gallery 216
Mapping Guard Coverage 219
Defining Obstructed Areas 223
Prioritizing Guard Coverage Areas 225
Mapping Security Camera Field of View . 229
Summary . 231
12
THE MINIMUM VIABLE PRODUCT APPROACH TO
SECURITY SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 233
Mapping the User’s Interactions 234
Planning Application States . 235
Documenting the Application . 236
Developing the State Manager . 237
Accelerating Security with Parallel Processing . 241
Threading Parallelism . 241
Processor Parallelism 243
Adding a Graphical User Interface 245
Displaying and Managing Images in PyGame . 246
Organizing Graphics with Sprites and Layers 248
Saving and Reloading Project Data . 251
Saving to a Dictionary 251
Loading from JSON Files . 252
Running the Example Application 254
Summary . 256
13
DELIVERING PYTHON APPLICATIONS 257
Using Setup Scripts 258
Packaging with Python Interpreters 259
Distributing with Cloud Microservices 260
Licensing with PyArmor 264
Open Source Delivery . 265
Summary . 266
NOTES 269
INDEX 275